Balance of production and consumption of cereal and cereal products

The balance of production and consumption of cereals and cereal products is used to develop agricultural policy, study and analyse market trends, and identify key relations and correlations among quantities produced, imported, used domestically, exported as well as stocks.

Economically active trader or agricultural holding engaged in production, processing, or trade of cereals.

Agricultural holdings growing cereals, enterprises trading and processing grain.

• Regulation (EU) 2022/2379 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 November 2022 on statistics on agricultural input and output, amending Commission Regulation (EC) No 617/2008 and repealing Regulations (EC) No 1165/2008, (EC) No 543/2009 and (EC) No 1185/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council and Council Directive 96/16/EC.
• Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2021/1225 specifying the arrangements for the data exchanges pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2019/2152 of the European Parliament and of the Council and amending Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2020/1197, as regards the Member State of extra-Union export and the obligations of reporting units.
• The ESS Agreement on Crop Balance Data on Main Cereals and Oilseeds endorsed by the European Statistical System Committee on 22 September 2017.
• Cabinet Regulation No. 841 Procedures for the Gathering and Compiling Information Regarding the Prices and Trading Volumes of Agricultural Products in a Specific Reporting Period.

Statistics database

Eurostat publishes statistics on EU Memberstates: Agriculture / Agricultural production.

Since 2017. 

The foreign trade information regarding crop product production and consumption balances is converted into raw material (grain, rapeseed) equivalent based on the Combined Nomenclature codes and corresponding conversion factors. The balance data are coherent with agricultural, processing, and trade data.

• Usable production is estimated based on the Central Statistical Bureau (CSB) data on the volume produced in year N (CSB questionnaire Crop Production (2-LS) (available in Latvian).
• Human consumption and animal feed is estimated based on the CSB data (CSB questionnaire Crop Production (2-LS) (available in Latvian) and Questionnaire Regarding Grain (2) attached to the Cabinet Regulation No 841  Procedures for the Gathering and Compiling Information Regarding Prices and Trading Volumes of Agricultural Products in a Specific Reporting Period of 1 November 2011). Human consumption and crushing (for oil and biofuel production) is estimated based on the CSB information about the volume of oil and biodiesel produced in year N (CSB questionnaire Industrial Production and Industrial Services (1-rūpniecība) (available in Latvian)) and Questionnaire Regarding Grain (2) attached to the Cabinet Regulation No 841  Procedures for the Gathering and Compiling Information Regarding Prices and Trading Volumes of Agricultural Products in a Specific Reporting Period of 1 November 2011). Seed volume is estimated based on the CSB information on the areas of spring rape/turnip rape for the harvest of year N and information on the areas of winter rape/turnip rape for the harvest of year N+1 (CSB questionnaire Crop Production (2-LS)).
• Imports and exports are estimated based on the CSB information on the volume of imports in year N in breakdown by country (CSB questionnaires Report on Trade Between the Member States of the European Union (Arrivals–Intrastat–1A) and Report on Trade Between the Member States of the European Union (Arrivals–Intrastat–1B)) and CSB information on volume of exports in year N (CSB questionnaires Report on Trade Between the Member States of the European Union (Dispatches–Intrastat–2A) and Report on Trade Between Member States of the European Union (Dispatches–Intrastat–2B)).
• Stock is estimated based on the CSB information about the stock on agricultural holdings (CSB questionnaire Crop Production (2-LS) (available in Latvian) and CSB information on the stock in enterprises engaged in purchase of grain, pulses and rape (CSB questionnaire Report on Purchase of Grain, Pulses and Rape Seeds (1-iepirkums) (available in Latvian) and Questionnaire Regarding Grain (2) attached to the Cabinet Regulation No 841 Procedures for the Gathering and Compiling Information Regarding Prices and Trading Volumes of Agricultural Products in a Specific Reporting Period of 1 November 2011).
• Estimate produced by experts.

The data are collected by the RSS itself by compiling information submitted via Questionnaire Regarding Grain (2) attached to the Cabinet Regulation No 841 Procedures for the Gathering and Compiling Information Regarding the Prices and Trading Volumes of Agricultural Products in a Specific Reporting Period of 1 November 2011 as well as using agricultural and foreign trade statistics compiled by the CSB.

Cereal balance indicators are resulting from the estimates made based on the data in the above data sources and in compliance with the requirements of the Crop Balances Handbook developed by Eurostat.

The key terms related to the estimates are defined under Statistical presentation/ Statistical concepts and definitions.