Expenditure on education (according to UOE methodology)
1. Contact
Responsible agency
Unit
Contact person
Position
Email (agency)
Phone
2. Statistical presentation
Data description
Expenditure on education reflects the expenditure of government, foreign financial sources, households and other private entities on formal education in the reference year. Data on education expenditure are compiled according to the UOE (UNESCO-UIS/OECD/EUROSTAT) methodology with the aim of providing internationally comparable information in the European Union and OECD Member States.
Starting from 2014, the data collection methodology has been changed and data are published in the breakdown of ISCED levels according to the International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED-2011). Data after 2014 are not comparable with the data before the methodology changes.
Statistical concepts and definitions
Statistical unit
Expenditure on education according to UOE methodology.
Statistical population
Formal education system according to ISCED-2011 classification.
3. Institutional mandate
Legal acts and other agreements
Commission Regulation (EU) No 912/2013 implementing Regulation (EC) No 452/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council concerning the production and development of statistics on education and lifelong learning, as regards statistics on education and training systems.
4. Accessibility and clarity
5. Comparability
Comparability - geographical
The Statistical Office of the European Union (Eurostat) publishes information on the EU-27 and on a country-by-country basis on its website, in the section: “Education and training”.
Length of comparable time series
Starting from 2014, the data collection methodology was changed. Therefore, the data from 2014 are not comparable with the data before the methodology change.
6. Coherence
Coherence- cross domain
Comparison of expenditures included in the table VFV040. Expenditure of general government by function by sub-sectors (million euro) drawn up based on the Classification of the Functions of Government (COFOG) methodology and the table IGD011. Expenditure on education by level of education (million euro) drawn up based on the UOE (UNESCO-UIS/OECD/Eurostat) methodology.
VFV040 | IGD011 | |
COFOG | UOE | |
State and municipal direct expenditure: | Yes | Yes |
formal education (incl. music and sports schools) | Yes | Yes |
non-formal education, i.e., lifelong learning (adult education not definable by level) | No | No |
food, lodging and related subsidiary services to education | Yes | Yes |
applied research and experimental development into education affairs and services | Yes | Partly |
formulation and administration of government policy * | Yes | Partly |
preparation and setting of standards for the provision of education ** | Yes | No |
* UOE does not cover the following expenditures: administration, operation or support of activities such as formulation, administration, coordination and monitoring of overall educational policies, plans, programmes and budgets; preparation and enforcement of legislation and standards for the provision of education, including licensing of educational establishments; production and dissemination of general information, technical documentation and statistics on education.
** UOE does not cover the following expenditures: development of educational standards, curricula, teaching aids and textbooks, including translation, editing, reviewing; organisation of seminars, conferences, production of forms and regulatory documents, accreditation of educational institutions.
7. Statistical processing (data source etc.)
Source data
Information on expenditure on education is obtained from the CSB (reports 1-higher education institution, college and 1-PROF), Ministry of Education and Science summary data on the activities of pre-school educational institutions and general education schools, Treasury data on budget execution and other data sources.
Data collection
Data is collected from various data sources.
Data compilation
A single UNESCO-UIS/OECD/Eurostat (UOE) form is used for compiling the data that provides the Member States with statistically comparable and high-quality information on expenditure on formal education. Calculations from various data sources are used to fill in the form.
Education expenditure is compiled and classified by ISCED level, source and type of transaction.
Sources of expenditure: government (public) expenditure, financing of international agencies and other foreign sources (foreign financial sources) and expenditure of households and other private entities (private expenditure).