Population and key demographic indicators

Information on population reflects number of inhabitants in breakdown by various demographic characteristics: gender, age, citizenship, etc.

Data on population number of key demographic indicators are compiled and published in compliance with:

• Classification of Administrative Territories and Territorial Units (ATVK 2021);
• Classification of Ethnicities;
• International Standard for country codes and codes for their subdivisions (ISO 3166).

Classifications, their detailed breakdowns, as well as explanatory information are available on the CSB website section Classification Catalogue.

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Usual resident.

The statistical population includes all residents of Latvia according to the following definition:

Persons living in Latvia or having an intention to live for a period of at least 12 months are considered to be usually resident population.

Data on population number are shown (if not specified otherwise) within the current boundaries of Latvia.

Number of population is shown on Latvia as a whole, in statistical and planning regions, State cities, municipalities, towns, rural territories, Riga and Valmiera neighbourhoods, 1 km² grid and 1 ha grid. Since 2021 statistics on densely populated areas is also published.

Data on urban and rural population, population in municipalities and cities are given according to the national administrative - territorial breakdown in force at the moment of data release.

Data in the European network are available on the Open Data Portal.

The data are available on the period since 1920.

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Number of population in absolute figures.

Demographic coefficients (fertility, mortality, crude marriage and divorce rate) are calculated per 1 000 average population of the corresponding period. If the total indicators are small, the rates can be calculated per 10 000 or 100 000 population.

Population:

• at the beginning of the month,
• at the beginning of the quarter,
• at the beginning of the year,
• annual average.

• Regulation (EU) No 1260/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 November 2013 on European demographic statistics.

• Regulation (EC) No 862/2007 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 July 2007 on Community statistics on migration and international protection and repealing Council Regulation (EEC) No 311/76 on the compilation of statistics on foreign workers.

• Interdepartmental agreement with Office of Citizenship and Migration Affairs (OCMA) about receipt of personal data and access to the Personal Data Explorer and System for Registration of Civil Status Documents (in latvian - CARIS) used to produce vital statistics.
• Interdepartmental agreement with State Revenue Service (SRS) about receipt of data on employed persons;
• Interdepartmental agreement with State Social Insurance Agency (SSIA) about receipt of data on beneficiaries of benefits;
• Interdepartmental agreement with Ministry of Education and Science (MES) about receipt of data on pupils and students receiving education in Latvia, children at school age who have not been registered in any of the educational institutions;
• Interdepartmental agreement with Agricultural Data Centre (ADC) about receipt of data on herd owners;
• Interdepartmental agreement with Rural Support Service (RSS) about receipt of data on the clients of RSS;
• Interdepartmental agreement with National Health Service (NHS) about receipt of data on beneficiaries of a public-paid healthcare service;
• Interdepartmental agreement with State Employment Agency (SEA) about receipt of data on unemployed persons and job seekers;
• Interdepartmental agreement with Road Traffic Safety Directorate about receipt of personal data from the national register of vehicles and their drivers maintained by the Directorate;
• Interdepartmental agreement with Latvian Prison Administration about receipt of data on prisoners;
• Interdepartmental agreement with the Ministry of Welfare about receipt of data on persons living in social care institutions;
• Contract with “ZZ Dats” for access to Social Assistance Administration Information System (SOPA) data on persons that have received local government allowances and services;
• Interdepartmental agreement with Administration of Studies and Research (until 2021) and State Education Development Agency (since 2023) about receipt of individual data on persons who have received a study/ student loan for studies abroad;
• Interdepartmental agreement with the State Chancellery on persons in the state diplomatic service, persons in the state military service and their family members (spouse and children).
• Contract with Riga municipal limited liability company "Rīgas satiksme" about receipt of individual data of the personalised e-tickets;

Confidentiality of the information provided is protected by Statistics Law: 

• Section 7, Paragraph two, Clause 8, which sets out the obligation of the statistical institution to ensure statistical confidentiality;
• Section 17, which defines the procedures for data processing and the requirements for data protection;
• Section 19, Paragraph one, which stipulates that official statistics must be disseminated in a way that does not allow either directly or indirectly identify a private individual or a State institution;
• Section 19, Paragraph two, which stipulates that the statistical institution shall publish the official statistics which have been produced within the framework of the Official Statistics Programme in a publicly available form and by a predetermined deadline on the portal of official statistics. Until the moment of publication of official statistics this statistics shall not be published

The CSB uses various statistical disclosure control methods in demographic statistics.

Confidential cells are identified using the threshold number of observations criterion and the dominance (n, k) criterion. In demographic statistics the data are considered to be safe for release if the number of persons in a breakdown is at least 4.

The cell key method is used for particularly sensitive indicators (ethnicity, citizenship, country of birth) in a detailed geographical breakdown. This is a perturbative method and is based on adding some noise to the cells in a table. Table totals may be inconsistent with each other due to this method.

Indicators of densely populated areas are published only if there are at least 50 persons in the territory but in the neighbourhoods (Riga and Valmiera) at least 50 persons in the respective territory. In some cases, higher or lower hidden values ​​may be applied.

In order to ensure data confidentiality, the indicators on the European and Latvian maps are published in the network only according to the share in the respective cell. When publishing the share of the population by country of birth, in order to ensure the confidentiality of data, only the indicators “born in Latvia” and “born outside Latvia” were used (other countries are also singled out in the data tables on a larger scale). Due to the confidentiality of sensitive data, network data by nationality are published only by the share of Latvian citizens.

All official statistics are released according to the data release calendar at 13:00.

Advance dissemination calendar

Statistical release dates and times are pre-announced in the data dissemination calendar.

The periodicity for final data is the year. For the provisional data - month, quarter.

Press releases are published on quarterly basis.

Annual publication "Demography". The collection of statistics includes information on the population number and changes thereof, as well as gender, age and ethnic composition of population, demographic burden, number of marriages and divorces, fertility, mortality, long-term migration, and citizenship. The key data are shown in dynamics.

The data are also published in collections of statistics “Latvia. Statistics in Brief”, “Statistical Yearbook of Latvia”, “Children in Latvia”, “Women and Men in Latvia”, “Elderly Population of Latvia”, etc.

“Results of the Population and Housing Census 2021 in Latvia”.

Statistics database

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Data visualisation - number of birth by month since 1920.

• Regulation (EU) No 1260/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 November 2013 on European demographic statistics.
• Regulation (EC) No 862/2007 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 July 2007 on Community statistics on migration and international protection and repealing Council Regulation (EEC) No 311/76 on the compilation of statistics on foreign workers.
• Description of method used to produce population statistics.

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To achieve high user satisfaction and ensure compliance with regulatory requirements, the CSB has introduced a Quality Management System (QMS). The system defines and, at the procedural level, describes processes of statistical production and identifies the persons responsible for their monitoring throughout all production stages. Its structure follows the principles of the Generic Statistical Business Process Model (GSBPM).

The QMS sets out the sequence in which processes are implemented – that is, the activities to be performed, including verifications of processes and produced statistics, the order and implementation requirements of these activities, and the persons responsible for their execution. It also defines the approach to evaluating production processes and their outcomes, and to implementing necessary improvements.

The CSB quality management system is certified to the ISO 9001:2015 standard Quality management systems — Requirements since 2018 (scope of certification: development, production and dissemination of official statistics). The original certification audit was performed by BM Trada Latvija SIA and a recertification audit, in 2024, was performed by Bureau Veritas Latvia SIA.

The CSB information security management system is certified to the ISO/IEC 27001:2022 standard Information security, cybersecurity and privacy protection — Information security management systems — Requirements since 2017 (scope of certification: collection, processing and storage of information and data for functions of the Central Statistical Bureau of Latvia. Provision of statistical information for inland and foreign users). The original certification audit was performed by BM Certification SIA and a recertification audit, in 2024, was performed by Bureau Veritas Latvia SIA.

The quality of statistics is assessed in accordance with the existing requirements of both external and internal regulatory enactments, as well as the established quality criteria.

Regulation (EC) No 223/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council on European statistics stipulates that European statistics shall be developed, produced and disseminated on the basis of uniform standards and harmonised methods. In this context, the following quality criteria shall apply: relevance, accuracy, timeliness, punctuality, accessibility, clarity, comparability and coherence.

As the national statistical institute and the principal authority of the national statistical system, the CSB has set common general institutional-level quality requirements for authorities responsible for producing or providing national statistics. These requirements are based on the European Statistics Code of Practice, which comprises 16 principles.

The overall assessment of data quality is good.

The necessity, methodology, as well as the detail and timeliness of the calculation are specified in the binding regulations and recommendations.

Main users:

• National government – the national bank, and the ministries dealing with economic affairs, finance, treasury, industry, trade, employment, environment;
• Regional and local governments;
• Business community – individual large businesses and business associations;
• Trade unions and non-governmental organisations;
• Academia – universities, colleges, schools, research institutes, etc;
• Media – newspapers, radio and TV stations, magazines, etc.;
• General public;
• International organisations.

The task of the CSB is to produce reliable statistics to support the analysis of socio-economic processes and to inform future decision-making.

Send feedback on data quality to pasts@csp.gov.lv

Data on births and deaths are calculated based on the information in The Office of Citizenship and Migration Affairs System for Registration of Civil Status Documents (in latvian - CARIS). Number of births includes also children born abroad to mother being usual resident of Latvia while temporary away.

Children born in Latvia to foreigners (staying in Latvia temporarily) and not having personal identity code are not included in the number of births.

Number of deaths does not include persons staying in Latvia temporarily (tourists, etc.) and persons not having personal identity code.

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In cases when missing person is declared to be dead after longer period or unidentified body is recognised after longer period the data in OCMA Register of Natural Persons and CARIS are corrected, however Central Statistical Bureau (CSB) data are not recalculated.

If the cases were included in the number of deaths when publishing the data, it remains so with a note “not known” or “not specified”, etc. in the demographic characteristics. If the cases initially were not included in the number of deaths of the respective period, the total number of deaths is not corrected. There are very few such cases.

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The statistics is published on the day stated in dissemination calendar.

Population and its characteristics in the EU countries

Eurostat publishes EU countries’ statistics on the number of live births by mother's age, marital status, citizenship, country of birth, level of education, region, the child sex and birth order.

After Population and Housing Census 2000 and 2011, the population number on periods from the previous to the current census was recalculated, because the number of present population found out at censuses significantly differed from changes in the population number found in registers.

Method of estimating total population 

From 1 January 2012 to 1 January 2022, the population was estimated using a logistic regression model. This method relied on data from 15 national administrative registers and used information from the Population and Housing Census 2011 to train the model.

In 2025, CSB introduced a new method for producing population estimates. The logistic regression model was replaced by the SoL-logit model, which relies on signs of life – indicators of activity recorded in administrative registers.

Both models are conceptually similar but differ in a key respect: the logistic regression model is a supervised model trained on labelled Census data, whereas the SoL-logit model is unsupervised and does not require training data.

To ensure data comparability, the estimates for 2023 and 2024 have been recalculated using the new method.

Changes in timeseries

Since 2012, data have been published by registered residence, whereas until 2011 - by actual residence.

Starting from 2021 (by publishing the population as of the beginning of 2021 and other demographic indicators for 2020), the population of Bauska has been compiled in accordance with the expanded city limits of Bauska as of November 1, 2020 and expanded city limits of Sigulda as of September 1, 2020. 

The time series for the tables with the data on municipalities according to 03.06.2021 version of the Law on Administrative Territories and Populated Areas (entered into force on 1 July 2021) have been published from 2012 onwards.

Changes in actual residence estimation

In the 3^rd quarter of 2016, implementation of the project Data Collection for Sub-National Statistics (Mainly Cities) covered revision of the algorithm used to estimate territorial distribution of population – actual residence. The algorithm was supplemented thus allowing to produce more precise population estimate in municipality rural territories, municipalities, cities, and regions. The indicators referring to the beginning of 2016 were recalculated based on the updated algorithm, thus indicators in some municipality rural territories, municipalities, cities, and regions are not comparable with the indicators on the previous years.

In 2016, more detailed analysis of the declared places of residence of Latvia population was performed by georeferencing and visualising the respective data cartographically. The analysis allowed detecting places with a great number of persons having declared their place of residence at the workplace thereof, therefore the method used to estimate usually resident population was improved, and, in line with the internationally adopted definition, the number of persons having declared their place of usual residence at their workplace (enterprise registered in Latvia) but being foreigners and not living in Latvia actually (e.g., lorry drivers, who are guest workers from other countries), was excluded from the usually resident population. The changes were introduced starting from the data on 2017.

Due to the mentioned reason the population change, e.g., in Mārupe municipality, indicates an increase of 5 % in 2015, whereas in 2016 a decline of 0.5 %. The actual population increase in 2015 and 2016 constitutes 2–3 %. Similar situation may be observed in Riga and Carnikava municipalities, however population change in these areas is smaller.

Until 2017, actual place of residence was determined by using CATTU codes, comparing them with CATTU codes of 2011, CATTU codes registered in the Census 2011 and CATTU codes of the running year. As of 2018, actual place of residence is determined by using addressing object code and date of residence registration. These methodological changes allow determining actual place of residence of persons who have changed their residence within the boundaries of the same administrative territory as well as of those who during Census 2011 lived in an institutional dwelling and later returned to the registered residence. For example, if in 2005 person registered residence in Riga and in 2015 in another address in Riga while during Census 2011 lived in Jelgava, based on the methodology used prior – comparison of CATTU codes – the actual residence of the person would be determined as than in Jelgava. Based on the new methodology, using the last date of residence registration (2015 in the example), the usual residence of the person is determined as one in Riga. Another example, if person who last time registered residence in Riga in 2005 at the moment of the Census 2011 was imprisoned in Burtnieki municipality and was disimprisoned in 2015, based on the previous methodology – comparison of CATTU codes – the actual residence of the person would be determined as than in Burtnieki municipality. In line with the new methodology, bearing in mind that the addressing object code of a prison shows that it is an institutional dwelling and in 2019 person is not included in the list of people living in institutional dwellings, the address indicated in the Census 2011 is not used, and the actual residence of the person is determined as one in Riga. Due to this reason, in areas having large share of people living in institutional dwellings (e.g., Burtnieki municipality where prison population constitutes large part of the total municipality population), smaller actual population was estimated than that until 2017 and the number reflects the real situation more precisely.

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Based on the population estimate method, the population as at 1 January is estimated once a year, and the results are published at the end of May. During the year, provisional short-term statistics – the population of each month – are published.

The monthly figures are produced by adding the monthly numbers of births and registered immigrants to the population at the beginning of the year and deducting the number of deaths and registered emigrants.

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On the basis of the data obtained during the last census, the data were recalculated for the period until the previous census year.

Number of population from 1 January 2001 to 1 January 2011 has been re-calculated according to the results of Population and Housing Census 2011, taking into account non-registered emigration.

In years when Population and Housing Census was conducted – 12 February 1935, 15 January 1959 and 1970, 17 January 1979, 12 January 1989 and 31 March 2000 – population number on the data of the Census is given. 

The cell key method is used for particularly sensitive indicators (ethnicity, citizenship, country of birth) in a detailed geographical breakdown. This is a perturbative method and is based on adding some noise to the cells in a table. Table totals may be inconsistent with each other due to this method.

One of the CSB priorities, in line with the strategic directions of the European Statistics System and current approaches to producing statistics, is to collect data through broader use of administrative sources together with regular CSB surveys, while proportionately reducing response burden.

In cooperation with administrative data holders and within the competences set out in the Statistics Law, CSB is addressing the issues related to the use of administrative data to ensure that the sources used are as complete and reliable as possible, helping to reduce the administrative burden on businesses and households.

CSB measures to improve the use of administrative data and reduce response burden (2024) – available in Latvian only.

Revision policy is an important component of good governance practice. The aim of the CSB Revision Policy is to define how the statistics produced and published by the CSB are reviewed and revised. The first chapter explains the main terms used in the document, the second chapter provides a brief description of the CSB Revision Policy, and the third chapter outlined the revision cycle for the statistics produced by the CSB.

Revision policy guidelines (8 September 2022, PDF, 597 KB)

Administrative information does not fully reflect the number of usual residents in Latvia. Therefore, the population estimation method provides for calculating the population as at 1 January once a year, with the results published at the end of May.

To acquire short-term data on each month, the number of registered births and immigrants is added to the value acquired from the population estimate as on 1 January and the number of registered deaths and emigrants is deducted:

• The number of registered births and deaths is acquired from the Information System for Registration of Civil Status Documents (CARIS) of the Office of Citizenship and Migration Affairs. The number of births and deaths is a provisional number as CARIS data do not include information on children born outside of Latvia to mothers that are included in the population estimate as usually resident population of Latvia and excludes persons that died during the temporary stay abroad.
• Registered immigrants and emigrants are determined by creating accumulative database from the monthly data of Register of Natural persons of OCMA, where each person is classified as registered or not registered in Latvia. The residence permit terms are used, i.e., if person has been granted a short-term residence permit (less than 12 months), he/she is not included in the monthly population (only those persons living in Latvia or having intention to live there for at least 12 months are considered usually resident population).

In May next year the population number at the beginning of the year and monthly data of the previous year are updated taking into account not registered migration, as well as changes of birth and death indicators, according to the population estimate.

Monthly population does not cover persons in the Register of Natural persons having birth year before 1909 (incl.) and persons that have lost their legal status in Latvia at the beginning of the year.

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To make population estimate CSB uses the following administrative data sources:

• Office of Citizenship and Migration Affairs (OCMA);
• State Revenue Service (SRS);
• State Social Insurance Agency (SSIA);
• Ministry of Education and Science (MES);
• Agricultural Data Centre (ADC);
• Rural Support Service (RSS);
• National Health Service (NHS) (data on vaccination or testing for Covid-19 are not taken into account);
• State Employment Agency (SEA);
• Road Traffic Safety Directorate;
• Latvian Prison Administration;
• the Ministry of Welfare;
• State Chancellery.

Quality control of the estimate is ensured by using the following data:

• Social Assistance Administration Information System data on number of persons that have received local government allowances and services;
• individual data of the Administration of Studies and Research about persons who have received a study/ student loan for studies abroad (until 2021) and State Education Development Agency (since 2023);
• individual data of the Riga municipal limited liability company "Rīgas satiksme" about personalised e-tickets;
• information on persons who have participated in the largest household surveys.

Data on population births and deaths are acquired from the System for Registration of Civil Status Documents (in latvian - CARIS) of OCMA. The system is a common information system allowing to register civil status in any registry as well as continuously ensures availability of topical and reliable register information in any registry, General Registry Department of the Ministry of Justice and OCMA.

Data on the number of deaths and births in the given month are compiled and published until the 15^th date of each second month. Respectively, data on the population number are updated each month.

Information is acquired with a full-scope survey. It means that sampling method is not used to produce demography statistics.

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Population Estimation
 

In 2025, CSB introduced an updated methodology for producing population statistics. As before, the approach is based on integrated administrative data and a mathematical model; however, a different type of model is now used.

The new SoL-logit model is an unsupervised machine learning model and is based on the assumption that the population consists of two independent and distinct groups, or clusters: residents who are and who are not usual residents of Latvia. These groups are characterised by different behavioural patterns (signs of life), reflected in activity recorded in administrative registers during the previous year.

More detailed description of the method

Determination of the registered residence in Latvia (since 2020)
 

Since Population Census 2011 for all persons included in the population estimate, both actual and registered place of residence is determined.

Actual place of residence is determined based on the actual place of residence specified in the Census 2011 and changes made in the OCMA Register of Natural persons. However, as years pass by, it becomes more and more difficult to determine place of actual residence, as people in the Register of Natural persons change their registered place of residence not only when moving to another residence, but also due to other reasons, e.g., to avoid paying higher real estate tax, a person not actually living in the address is registered there, or to have a place in a suitable kindergarten child is registered within the administrative territory of that kindergarten. Often when emigrating abroad, registered place of residence is not changed, or it is done with a delay of several years. Therefore, in the Census 2021 that will be conducted solely based on administrative registers, only registered place of residence will be used.

Registered place of residence is determined on several stages:

• finding initial addressing object code;
• allocating people into families based on family structure algorithm.

The initial addressing object code is defined by using addressing object codes which are added from the Register of Natural persons January datafile. For persons that cannot be given an addressing object codes in such a way, the codes together with a date are added from the Register of Natural persons datafile of December and November of the previous year and Register of Natural persons monthly datafile of February and March of the running year, verifying whether addressing object code is not one of an institutional dwelling. Such codes are not added with an aim to ensure that dates match and institutional dwellings include only persons residing them on 1 January.

For persons not having addressing object code, the addressing object codes of relatives are added in the following order – spouse, mother, father, child (the youngest child having addressing object code), i.e., if person is not married, addressing object code of a mother is added, etc. The codes of relatives are added regardless of the initial CATTU code of a person and fact whether the relative is included in the population estimate of the respective year, except for a separate cases when address of a child is changed to that of a mother or father (refer to the explanation further in the text).

None of the personal addressing object codes is changed to institutional dwelling code, i.e., an addressing object code of a relative in institutional dwelling, is not added.

For children aged 15 and younger (except for those living in institutional dwellings), a fact whether also any of the parents is registered in the dwelling is verified. If child is registered alone (without any of the parents), his/her addressing object code is changed to that of a mother (if mother does not have one, to that of a father). Address of a child is changed to the dwelling address of parents also if child is registered with another adult, e.g., grandmother, as in line with the UN Population and Housing Census recommendations family (family nucleus) is formed by family members of two consecutive generations (children and parents). Addressing object code of a child is not changed to that of a parent if population estimate method allowing to conclude that any of the parents lives abroad.

Within the second stage of determining registered place of residence, the people living in private dwellings are broken down into families with the help of family nucleus analysis algorithm. After dividing persons into families, residences of separate people are adjusted by changing addressing object code of a female living separately to that of a dwelling in which her husband lives together with common children aged 0–15. Such an approach is used because, when evaluating family structure recorded in the Census 2011, it was concluded that such an adjustment reflects actual situation more precisely.

This adjusted database is supplemented with persons the address codes whereof do not meet the population group “family” defined in the Population and Housing Census methodology, i.e., people living in institutional dwellings, people living in houses not separated into apartments, as well as single people (not having spouse, parents and children) not having addressing object code and residence place whereof is known only at municipality level. In line with the updated addressing object code-CATTU transition table, registered residence of each person is defined at the level of municipality rural territory, city and municipality.

Determination of the actual place of residence in Latvia (until 2019)
 

Actual place of residence is either registered place of residence (if it has been changed after the Population and Housing Census 2011) or that indicated in the Census (if persons has not changed place of residence since the Census).

Part of the reasons behind the change of place of residence indicated in the monthly datafiles of Register of Natural persons show loss of the previous place of residence instead of the registration of new place of residence, therefore new addressing object code does not appear. Only the reasons for changing place of residence resulting in new addressing object code are used.

Determining actual place of residence

If during Population and Housing Census 2011 person lived in a collective dwelling  (including un a liquidated one) and now is not included in the CSB data on residents of collective dwellings or does not have new addressing object code in the Register of Natural persons, the addressing object code fixed in the Census is not used. It is assumed that the residence address of person is that fixed in the Register of Natural persons before the Census. Codes of collective dwellings are not used also for persons who on the 1 January of the estimate year do not have addressing object code in the Office of Citizenship and Migration Affairs (OCMA) datafiles, and the respective code is taken from the historical population file (from 2012).

Verification of changes in addresses is made in case of alterations of administrative boundaries, and CSB information on uninhabited housings and those having status of collective dwelling is verified as well. Based on the updated addressing object code-CATTU transition table, actual place of residence of each person at the level of municipality rural territories and municipalities is determined.

Citizenship, ethnicity and country of birth

In the database, indicators of country of birth and citizenship with a mark EU- 27 indicate the composition of the EU-27 in 2020, after the withdrawal of the United Kingdom.

"Citizens of EU- 27 countries (excluding Latvia, since 2020)" includes the total number of the citizens whose citizenship is one of the EU-27 Member States (excluding Latvian citizens and non-citizens).

Country of birth, ethnicity and citizenship indicators are published only in case there are at least 10 inhabitants.

Explanation of data calculation

Life expectancy. Data on life expectancy of population are acquired with the help of calculations based on the CSB information on population mortality, average annual number of usually resident population as well as sex and age structure of the population.

Life expectancy estimates are based on crude, male, and female death rates in breakdown by five-year age groups (number of deaths per one resident of the respective gender and age). Until 2000, age of the person at death was calculated according to the birth or calendar year (death year minus birth year). As more statistical information is available, since 2000 the age of the person passed away is calculated in full years (from the birthday until the day of death). Starting from 2000, the death rate and life expectancy statistics calculations are based on the age of the person passed away in full years. The life expectancy estimates are made by using the R software library MortalityLaw.

Data are verified by comparing indicators on longer time period, observing trends of indicator changes and using graphical analysis.

Changes of the permanent residence of the population. When publishing data on the network after changes in the population's place of residence compared to the previous year, the data are obtained by relating the number of people who have moved to the total population in the network cell (excluding the persons for whom it is not known whether they have changed their residence as well as the persons for whom this indicator is not applicable: i.e. persons born during the previous year).

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