Structure of Earnings Survey

Data acquired within the survey are used to obtain detailed information on number of employees and wages in breakdown by occupation, sex, age, educational attainment, number of years worked for the enterprises at the national and regional levels as well as within individual economic activities, for the reference year and for the October of the reference year. Survey compiles information on number of employees covered by a collective pay agreement.

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All commercial companies, individual merchants, budgetary institutions, foundations, associations and funds, which were economically active on October 31, 2022. Survey includes both full-time and part-time employees, which on October 31, 2022 were employed in main or secondary job and received wages or salaries.

Survey does not include employees who, during the month of October 2022, had not received any wages or salaries and did not have any recorded working hours.

Council Regulation (EC) No 530/1999 of 9 March 1999 concerning structural statistics on earnings and on labour costs

Commission Regulation (EC) No 1738/2005 of 21 October 2005 amending Regulation (EC) No 1916/2000 as regards the definition and transmission of information on the structure of earnings 

Statistics database

EU data on Eurostat website 
Section: Earnings / Structure of earning survey

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In 2022, data on structure of earnings is obtained by conducting a sample survey, collecting information with the help of the CSB questionnaires "Report on structure of wages and salaries in 2022" (5-Labour, 5-Labour-MkU, and 5-Labour-VTP).

Survey sample is a stratified two-stage random sample. The strata were formed based on the following characteristics: target population, distribution, size group by the number of employees, NACE group, and size group of the local unit by the number of employees. The sample size in each stratum was determined using Neyman’s optimal allocation method, taking into account the number of local units in the stratum and the number of employees in the respective stratum. In the first stage of sampling, local units were selected in each stratum using the systematic sampling method.

In the second stage of the sample, statistical units themselves selected employees on which information had to be submitted, considering the following rules:

• if in the local unit there were 1–50 employees, information had to be submitted on all employees,
• if there were 51–69 employees – on 50 employees,
• if 70–149 – on 60,
• if 150–249 – on 70,
• if 250–499 – on 80,
• if 500–999 – on 90,
• if 1 000 and more – on 8 % of the total number of employees in the local unit on October 31, of respective the year.

Statistical unit was allowed to provide information on all local unit employees if it was more convenient.

In survey it was considered that, there are no local units in the statistical units employing less than 10 persons (questionnaire’s 5-Labour-MkU respondents).

In 2022, the sample included 10.5 thousand local units from which data on 193.6 thousand employees was gathered.

In 2018, sample included 10.8 thousand local units. Totally sample covered 193.4 thousand employees.

In 2014, 177.2 thousand employees were included in the sample.

In 2010, sample included 18 thousand local units or approximately 10 thousand respondents. Totally sample covered 229.1 thousand employees.

Data by type of economic activity are compiled according to the type of activity of the local unit of the respondent, except for the centralized accounting of local governments, the data of which are submitted separately by the following sectors:

• electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply;
• public administration and defence; compulsory social security;
• education;
• social work activities with accommodation;
• social work activities without accommodation;
• creative, arts and entertainment activities;
• operation of libraries, archives, museums and other cultural institutions;
• cleaning operations.

Number of employees indicated in report of each local unit was extrapolated on all employees of the local unit with the help of weight coefficients.

Summaries were based on following additional activities:

• selected employees, who during a year or in October worked less than one month, were excluded from the sample, and weights for the other employees were increased;
• for employees having unpaid days or less days worked in October due to recruitment, October wage and hours paid were re-calculated for the whole (full) month.

As a two-stage sample was used in the survey, in order to obtain summary data, two weights (grossing-up factors) are calculated for each employee included in the sample. Firstly, weights, extrapolating local unit to all local units (GFlu), and, secondly, weights extrapolating employee to all employees of the local unit (GFempl).

First, average gross monthly earnings (Eaver) per year are calculated for each employee in the sample, considering the workload and the number of months worked.

Eaver = gross earnings per year / (workload * number of months for which earnings were calculated).

To estimate sum of average gross monthly earnings, the calculated Eaver on each employee is multiplied by both weights – GFlu and GFempl. To determine number of employees receiving respective earnings, the product of both weights is summed.

As a result, the formula used to calculate average gross monthly earnings per year is following:
 Σ (Eaver * GFlu * GFempl) / Σ (GFlu * GFempl).

Average gross monthly earnings per year include regular and irregular costs.

Average gross hourly earnings in October (Eoct) include only regular costs and are calculated as follows:

Eoct = Σ ((calculated gross regular earnings payment in October / number of hours paid) * GFlu * GFempl) / Σ (GFlu * GFempl).

To estimate number of employees by specific characteristics (age, educational attainment, etc.), both stage weight product of selected employees is summed.