The highest hill summits in Latvia
1. Contact
Responsible agency
Unit
Contact person
Position
Email (agency)
Phone
2. Statistical presentation
Data description
Information on summits higher than 270 meters above sea level and highest summits of uplands.
Statistical concepts and definitions
Statistical unit
Summits that are higher than 270 meters above sea level, and highest summits of uplands.
Statistical population
The territory of Latvia.
3. Institutional mandate
Legal acts and other agreements
N/A
4. Accessibility and clarity
On-line database
N/A
5. Comparability
Comparability - geographical
N/A
Length of comparable time series
Compared to the data previously published in various sources, the heights of several hill summits differ significantly (even by more than 10 meters), which could be explained by the fact that previously published heights were taken from the topographic maps of the Soviet Army General Staff where in the areas covered with forests the terrain recognition from the stereopairs of aerial photos was performed inaccurately.
The summit of Ķelēni Hill on the topographic map of the Soviet Army General Staff (ĢISnet.lv WMS) and according to the data obtained by LiDAR (including LVM GEO WMS layer Contours).
6. Coherence
Coherence- cross domain
N/A
7. Statistical processing
Source data
Heights of the summits from the digital terrain model at 1 meter resolution obtained from the Latvian Geospatial Information Agency (LGIA).
Data collection
Publicly available data sources were used.
Data compilation
Summits higher than 270 meters above sea level and highest summits of uplands are distinguished. The height is specified in the normal height system LAS-2000.5. Except for Gaizinkalns, the vertical accuracy is not higher than ± 0.1 m. The coordinates of the location are given in the LKS-92 (EPSG:3059) coordinate system. Only the highest summit is indicated for the hummocky terrains, therefore, for example, Mazais Gaiziņkalns (284.5 m above sea level) in the Abriena hummocky terrain is not included.
Summits in the Abriena hummocky terrain (basemap – LVM GEO WMS layer ZemeLKS).
The summits are distinguished from the LGIA digital terrain model at 20 meter resolution with the GRASS GIS tool r.geomorphon according to the instructions (default parameters are used).
Points higher than 268 meters have been manually reviewed using LVM GEO WMS terrain model (ZemeLKS layer) and contour lines (Contours layer) as auxiliary material.
The heights of the remaining summits have been adjusted according to the LGIA digital terrain model at 1 meter resolution. Both terrain models used were obtained from 2013–2019 LiDAR data (vertical accuracy of the data up to 12 cm, horizontal – up to 36 cm). Height of Gaizinkalns according to https://www.mod.gov.lv/en/node/6107.
Names according to the LGIA Place Names Database, the map browser BalticMaps.eu maintained by Jana Seta Map Publishers (Ltd.), the Department of Geomorphology and Geomatics of the Faculty of Geography and Earth Sciences of the University of Latvia, as well as the data obtained from the Madona Local History and Art Museum. Lācu Hill is named after the name of the nearest farmstead.
Consultations with the academic staff of the Department of Geomorphology and Geomatics of the University of Latvia have been performed on the geomorphological interpretation of landforms.